Bulletin of Yassawi University

The Manifestation of Prose in the Independence Period: The Artistic Features of B. Sarybai’s Works

S.K. Syzdykov — 2025-09-30

This article explores the development trends of Kazakh prose during the period of independence, based on Beibit Sarybay’s short stories “Rauǵash erte güldeıdi” (“Rhubarb Blooms Early”), “Meıirim” (“Compassion”), and “Öliara” (“Interseason”). The spiritual values depicted in the author’s works, the deep psychological layers of human nature, and the relationship between society and the individual are examined from an artistic perspective. Through his narratives, the writer skillfully conveys the social, moral, and philosophical issues of Kazakh society in the independence era, while expressing the national worldview and the spirit of the times through artistic imagery.
The central character analyzed in this article is Rauǵash – a delicate, introspective, and life-loving individual in constant spiritual search – who frequently appears in Sarybay's creative universe. The inner struggle of Rauǵash is portrayed as a dual conflict: the effort to preserve hope in one’s life and the resistance against external pressures. In “Meıirim”, the character Ūlan embodies an existential image. Through Ūlan, the writer addresses vanishing spiritual purity and core human values such as compassion and forgiveness in today’s society. The author seeks not only to depict the outward behaviors of people but also to delve into their inner world, sorrows, longing, and lost warmth. This reveals the protagonist's spiritual purity and the author's artistic integrity.
In addition, the environment surrounding Almat in the story “Öliara” – his parents’ expectations, the pressure from teachers, and society’s insistence on success – presents the Unified National Testing (UNT) not merely as an academic challenge but as the sole path to life and the future. This becomes a socio-cultural detail. The writer thus implies that children today are viewed not as individuals, but as tools for achieving results. The article analyzes the system of characters, inner monologue, psychological depth (psychologism), metaphor, and symbolism, incorporating elements of literary theory.

The Genre of Satıre ın The Lıterary Envıronment of Lenkoran

N. Mammadova — 2025-09-30

This article examines the peculiarities of the formation and development of the satire genre in the Lankaran literary environment of the 19th-20th centuries. Satire, as an effective means of reflecting social phenomena and exposing social injustice, has gained a wide place in the creative practice of writers in the region. In the literary legacy, the harsh everyday situations of the population, the consequences of social inequality, images of hypocritical religious figures, and unfair juries were criticized in an action-packed language; the public image of that era was vividly expressed. Several historical and cultural factors contributed to the development of the satire genre in the region. First of all, later written literature was based on the rich folklore heritage of the Lenkoran region – folk traditions that often employed ridicule and harsh criticism. In addition, the region's place as a religious and spiritual center and the formation of the local intelligentsia gave an additional impetus to literary development. The widespread dissemination of Enlightenment ideas, the fight against ignorance, and the strengthening of enlightenment have reinforced the educational and social significance of satire. In this regard, the genre of satire in the Lankaran literary environment of Azerbaijan was not only used for artistic and aesthetic purposes but also served a special function in shaping public opinion, exposing social injustice, and awakening the spiritual consciousness of the people. As a result of the research, it was found that this genre reveals the specific features of the literary development of the region and allows for a deeper understanding of the place and significance in the history of national literature.

STUDYING THE WORKS OF ABAY AND SHAKARIM USING A SYNERGETIC APPROACH

G. ABIKENOVA — 2025-09-30

The article discusses the synergetic paradigm in modern science, its main concepts and principles, the application of the synergetic approach in the humanities and the advantages of the synergetic method in the studying the works of Abai and Shakarim.
The aim of the study is a synergetic analysis of the works of Abay and Shakarim Kudaiberdiuly. The study determines the role of the synergetic approach in studying the works of Abay and Shakarim, the importance of studying works of art in a systematic synergetic way. The study analyzes the synergetic nature of the two poets' works, which allows for a deeper understanding of the synergetic trend in Kazakh literature. The study used the methods of systematization, induction, deduction, literary interpretation, synergetic research, and comparison. The opinions of Abay and Shakarim Kudaiberdievich about creation reflect the synergetic nature of fiction.
The results of the study can be used in literary studies when conducting research in the synergetic direction, teaching the disciplines «History of Kazakh Literature», «Abay Studies», «Shakarim Studies».

Kazakh Dastans Based on the Plot of “Innocently Persecuted People”

S.K. Kusanov — 2025-09-30

The article takes as the subject of research several dastans of novelistic content, based on the Eastern plot of «innocently persecuted people». In the course of the work, the dastan “Totinama” of the medieval Persian writer Z. Nakhshabi (Kazakh translation, 1991), the Tatar translation of the Turkish-Ottoman edition of this work, published in Kazan (1904), and one of its variants in the translation of Xinjiangsky Kazakh A. Kayrkhanuly (1987) are compared with dastans of novelistic content, sung by Kazakh poets. In addition to the works of Kazakh scientists, the article, based on the research of scientists from far and near abroad, defines the specific compositional function and features of the development of fairy tales transferred from ancient Indian classical literature and folklore (“Panchatantra”, “Shukasaptati”) in Kazakh fairy tales and novelistic dastans.
In scientific article, in addition to the folklore nature of stories from Indian collections, their positive influence on the emergence of Kazakh written literature is proven using examples. In this regard, the author believes that Kazakh poets and storytellers were familiar with Indian stories not only orally, but also through written books and manuscripts.
The article comprehensively analyzes the typological features of folklore motifs about “honesty and ingenuity, intelligence and piety of a woman”, which occupy a central place in the plot line of Kazakh dastans and fairy tales such as “Murat Salih and Magripa”, “Markhuma”, “Sapahi”, “Kyzyl Gul”, “Raunak”, “Guldeste”, “Asylbek and Guljikhan” and others.

E. Hemingway “The Old Man and the Sea”: Genre Peculiarities and Issues

R.B. Taukebayeva — 2025-09-30

The creative work of the great American writer of the twentieth century, Ernest Hemingway, has long attracted the attention of literary scholars, critics, and biographers. The study of the genre and thematic issues in Hemingway’s novel The Old Man and the Sea is considered one of the most important tasks in modern literary studies. In this article, the author explores the peculiarities of the genre and the thematic concerns of the novel by employing methods such as observation, generalization, analogy, and comparative analysis. One of the key themes in Hemingway’s creative process is the relationship between man and nature, which forms the foundation of The Old Man and the Sea. The article highlights the analysis of the old man’s character, who embodies resilience, patience in the face of hardship, hard work, pride, and the kindness of a true man. Throughout the study, the author examines the genre and thematic concerns of the story (parable, symbolic elements, existential themes), based on the "iceberg principle," revealing fundamental life issues: the relationship between man and nature, man and society, and man and the Universe. The method of literary analogy (style, plot, motif, and direction) is applied through the cinematic language of The Old Man and the Sea’s plot. The author also analyzes the Kazakh director Ermek Tursunov’s film Shal, which was inspired by The Old Man and the Sea, in which the director uses the story as the spiritual and philosophical foundation of his masterpiece. Hemingway's creative philosophy is centered around the fundamental meaning of life: a man can be destroyed, but he cannot be defeated – a principle that underpins Hemingway's own life philosophy.

LINGUOCULTURAL FEATURES OF THE CONCEPT “DILIGENCE \ LAZINESS” IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE

G.A. AITKULOVA — 2025-09-30

The article examines the cognitive bases of concepts that are considered elements of cognitive linguistics in language education. In the Kazakh language, the concept is a universal phenomenon that informs about the culture of that era as a whole, defining the worldview of a certain nation. In order to define the concept, it is necessary to define some features and values of the cultural world, the nature and value of the national consciousness. The linguistic characteristics of the concepts of diligence and laziness, which have a special place in the national cultural knowledge, in the knowledge of ordinary people have been determined. The purpose of the scientific article is to study the use of the concept of “diligence\laziness” in semantic and conceptual units. In order to achieve this goal, focusing scientifically on the concepts of cognitive linguistics, concept, conceptual field, linguistic image of the universe, distinguishing the opinions of scientists who are studied within the framework of current conceptual knowledge, forming an author's point of view about the linguistic image of the world and the linguistic and cultural content of the concept of “diligence\laziness” tasks such as opening have been achieved. The cultural nature of the concept of “diligence/laziness” in cognitive discourse (regular phrases, proverbs, prose, poetry) was defined during language units. The macro-concepts defining the cognitive and linguo-cultural nature of the concept of “diligence/laziness” were analyzed from a linguo-cultural cognitive point of view.

Features of the Manifestation and Historical Continuity of Pedagogical Views in the Work of M.Zh. Kopeev

Zh.M. Saurykova — 2025-09-30

The article outlines the need for widespread and systematic use of modern intellectuals, such as Mashkhur Zhusip Kopeev, in the formation of a spiritual, moral, cognitive and humane personality of the youth of Kazakhstan, conducting historical, practical, scientific and pedagogical research, analyzing, sorting, processing, transforming and improving them in accordance with modern requirements. Analyzing the peldagogic ideas in the work of Mashkhur Zhusip Kopeev, we identify and demonstrate the cognitive values of Kazakh existence that contribute to the development of humanity as a whole in the world.
Mashkhur Zhusip Kopeev shows great interest and attaches great importance to the history of the Eastern people, including his native one, culture, spiritual heritage that has developed since ancient times, on the basis of which the features of the transmission of generalized pedagogical conclusions and the problem of historical continuity are studied.
Speaking of the fact that the pedagogical views of Mashkhur Zhusip Kopeev also intersect with the directions followed by the enlighteners of the Kazakh people Sh. Ualikhanov, I. Altynsarin, A. Kunanbayev, touching upon various situations that contributed to the formation of a worldview, analyze the reality of the historical period and spiritual development. Pedagogical considerations in his legacy emphasize the special importance of forming the foundations of national education in the younger generation, instilling morality, education, and a sense of Kazakh identity in the younger generation.
The methods of analysis, systematization and hermeneutical description were used in the formulation and substantiation of scientific considerations in the article.

The Hybridization of Turkic and Mongolic-Origin Toponyms in Kazakhstan

J.M. Konyratbayeva — 2025-09-30

The study of Turkic-Mongolic toponyms in the geo-historical space of Kazakhstan holds significant cultural and historical value. It is well known that issues concerning Turkic-Mongolic toponyms in Kazakh onomastics are quite extensive. This article focuses on a specific subset of this topic: hybrid toponyms formed from elements of the Turkic (Kazakh) and Mongolic languages. The aim of the study is to analyze the etymology of Turkic (Kazakh)-Mongolic toponyms and to clarify the reasons behind their hybrid formation. As empirical material, selected hybrid hydronyms and oronyms were examined to provide concrete examples. The selected names were classified and described from a lexico- semantic and structural perspective. The study identifies and etymologically explains several types of hybrid toponyms: (1) those with a Kazakh first component and a Mongolic second component; (2) those with a Mongolic first component and a Kazakh second component; (3) those formed by adding Kazakh suffixes to Mongolic roots; (4) those constructed based on a binary opposition structure; and (5) those in which the first component is a Mongolic word and the second is Turkic-Mongolic – or vice versa. It was demonstrated through specific examples that hybrid toponyms generally consist of two-root, and occasionally three-root, components. The analysis also revealed that in the toponym formation process, suffixes play an active role alongside root elements. The principle of binary opposition – a significant feature observed in hybrid toponyms, wherein names are constructed based on semantic contrast – was also explored as part of the research material.

Methods of Language Manipulation in The Kazakh Media

Z.U. Miyatbekova — 2025-09-30

This article discusses the methods of media manipulation in modern Kazakh media texts. Now this problem is becoming extremely relevant, since at present the number of media consumers living in a large stream of media information, which is not always of high quality and reliable, has significantly increased in the world and Kazakhstan. Incorrect, fake and manipulative information increases the risk of negatively influencing the opinion, mood and behavior of society, as well as misleading the general reader.
The authors of the article rightly point out that manipulation can occur in various discursive practices. This article discusses such a type of manipulation as media manipulation. The material of a solid mass sample from Kazakhstani Internet information sources, online platforms and social networks. As a result of the analysis of media texts, it was revealed that the authors of media publications use different techniques and means, with the help of which information and psychological effects on readers are carried out, manipulation means are considered at different language levels. Examples of evaluative words and phraseological units, euphemisms, and rhetorical questions that have manipulative potential are given. The author considers irony, appeal to authoritative sources, aggression, fear and others.

Strategies for Implementation of the Offer in the Frame of the Professional Discourse

G.H. Ramazanova — 2025-09-30

The article is devoted to the study of the structure of professional discourse to establish the parameters of one of the genres of speech communication, in particular, the Offer (intention to do something). The aim, key areas and idea of scientific research are to analyze theoretical conceptions about speech genres based on data from a previously research works.
The specific and significant features of the Offer mainly important for professional communication are determined.
A brief description of the scientific and practical significance of the work emphasizes the importance of adherence to ethical standards in the frame of professional discourse (сфера образования, услуг, торговли) as means for successful conversation.
A brief description of the research methodology covers an analysis of theoretical sources, a survey of participants in the communication process, an analysis of linguistic material using a continuous sampling method, and a comparative analysis.
The main results and analysis, conclusions of the research work indicate that linguocultural competence in making and holding a conversation significantly affects the successful result of the Offer strategy. The usage proportion of the vocative in the frame of the professional discourse is determined on the basis of comparative analysis.
The significance of the study confirms the need to follow the ethical standards of behavior in the implementation of communication strategies that take into account the characteristics of cultural communication.
This work makes important contributions to Linguistics, The theory of Intercultural communication, emphasizing the importance of professional ethics. This is the theoretical significance of the study. The practical significance works out the aspects of the Offer that reveal the importance of delicate use of vocatives. The results of the research are also useful for members of any organization/cooperation, linguists, teachers of Culturology, as well as all those involved in studying problems of communication.

Karasakal Erimbet's Epic «Abu Shashma»: Islamic Worldview and Principle of Justice

U.N. Zhanbershiyeva — 2025-09-30

This article examines the thematic and ideological features and structure of Karasakal Erimbet's epic «Abu Shashma». Scientific conclusions about the Islamic worldview in the epic are analyzed. Islamic perspectives, principles of justice, and civil stance are clarified. The influence of Muslim culture on the poet's thoughts regarding the purity of the soul, spirit, and repentance in adhering to the laws of Sharia is also discussed.
The characters in the epic, such as Omar, are portrayed as just and unwavering in following Allah's commands, while Abu Shashma acknowledges his sins and proves his repentance with clear evidence.
The article reveals the religious and philosophical depth that advocates the power of Islam. The religious-ethical content of the epic "Abu Shashma" is analyzed. The author's demonstration of faith, justice, and the fulfillment of Sharia laws is made clear through examples.
The epic pays attention to the Eastern model and the principles of Kazakh national literary art. It reveals the significance of Islamic values, the strength of religious faith, justice, and the implementation of Sharia laws, as well as their moral teachings and relevance in the modern world.
The literary connections, influences, and continuity with Muslim culture in the Eastern-themed epic are explored. Karasakal Erimbet preached the power of Islam and emphasized the importance of sincere repentance for spiritual purification.
The epic is systematically analyzed from a literary-theoretical perspective, with a focus on revealing its moral and cognitive value.

Translations of Jusupbek Aimauytuly: The Images of the Authors

G.B. Tussupova — 2025-09-30

To date, approximately thirty translations by Jusipbek Aimauytuly are known, but the original texts of some have yet to be found. The available translations have been linguistically analysed in several studies, often in comparison with the corresponding Russian texts. However, since Jusipbek Aimauytuly was not merely a translator but also a political figure, the so-called “inaccuracies” in his translations cannot be examined solely from a linguistic perspective. Traditional assessments of translation as “accurate” or “inaccurate” fail to fully explain the textual modifications. Therefore, studying J. Aimauytuly's translations within their socio-political context through the lens of “rewriting” theory provides a more comprehensive understanding of their underlying motivations.
This study identifies the purposes behind the translator’s use of adaptation strategies and describes their key components – selected themes and applied methods. Following the methodological framework of rewriting theory, the research involved compiling translated texts, coding them, and categorizing them based on themes and translation methods. The findings were then compared with the works of J. Aimauytuly and his contemporaries, whose writings reflect their political views. As a result, new insights were gained regarding the nature and implications of Aimauytuly's translations as a political figure.

ON THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ETHNONYM OF THE ABORIGINES-TURKICS OF WESTERN SIBERIA (SIBERIAN TATARS)

R.A. VAFEEV — 2025-09-30

This article highlights the origin of the West-Siberian Turkic ethnonyms of Siberian Tatars. Studies of the latest decades allow us to concretize many questions about the origin of the Siberian Tatars. The data from various sciences give grounds to assert that the main core of these groups were Turkic tribes. The background of the article deals with the fact that Siberian Tatars by their origin goes back to the Turks of Sayano-Altai, who came to the Middle Irtysh region in the VII–VIII centuries, and the Kipchaks – the Turkic people who migrated here from the southern steppes in the X-XI centuries. The original inhabitants of Western Siberia were the Ob Ugrians – the ancestors of the modern Khanty and Mansi. The evolution of these ethnonyms and their relevance in the construction of the Siberian Tatars’ identity are examined through an analysis that draws on historical documents, linguistic studies, and ethnographic research.
While conducting the research, the authors employed sampling tactics, etymological investigations, primary source analysis, ethnolinguistic studies, comparative historical procedures, and diachronic analyses. Based on the influential writings of well-known Turkologists and dialectologists, the study’s methodological framework was developed. The research’s findings assert that although the name «Siberian Tatars» unifies, it also captures the intricate interaction of social, linguistic, and historical elements that have influenced the community’s development. The study concludes that researching the internal and external ethnonyms of the indigenous Turkic peoples of Western Siberia – in particular, the Siberian Tatars—offers insightful knowledge into the processes of identity formation and cultural adaptation. Prior to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Siberian Tatars identified both internally and externally with the ethnonym «nugai».

The Linguists and Culturai Factor in Literary Tranlation

G.K. Katbayeva — 2025-09-30

The research article considers the peculiarities of translating fiction texts from Kazakh into Chinese on the basis of linguocultural analysis of the relationship between Kazakh culture and language, suggests ways to solve them using different translation strategies.
A peculiar definition of the concept of “linguoculture” as an object of linguoculturology is presented, a comparison of linguistic cultures of Kazakhstan and China on the basis of national values and national-specific vocabulary is carried out. Also in the course of the research the complex aspects of Kazakh-Chinese translation in the field of phonetics, lexicon and grammar, caused by typological differences in the linguistic cultures of Kazakhstan and China, were touched upon, and the conclusion about the necessity of joint study of language and culture for optimization of intercultural relations between Kazakh and Chinese languages was made.
The significance and influence of linguistic and cultural factors ensuring the accuracy of translation from Kazakh into Chinese on the quality of translation is reflected, and their functional criteria determining national and cultural peculiarities are considered. Special attention is also paid to the issues of transferring cultural connotations, adapting lexical and semantic features and preserving the artistic value of the text, the importance of linguocultural factors as an integral element determining the success of translation in intercultural communication is explained.

The Initiation Plot in Belger’s Story “Dedushka Sergali” (‘Grandfather Sergali’): Structure, Simbolism and Historical and Cultural Context

Kh.Zh. Lessova — 2025-09-30

The article examines the initiation plot in G. Belger’s short story “Grandfather Sergali” (1971) as the structural and semantic core of the narrative, reflecting the process of the hero’s maturation and the formation of his identity in the context of historical and cultural transformations. The aim of the study is to identify the structural and semantic features of the initiation plot and to analyze its significance for understanding cultural memory and interethnic interaction. To achieve this goal, three methods are applied: structural analysis, which makes it possible to reconstruct the architectonics of the text and correlate it with the classical initiation cycle (“separation – trial – return”); a cultural approach, which reveals the symbolic content of images and motifs; and a biographical method, which relates the artistic elements to the writer’s personal experience. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the concepts of A. van Gennep and M. Eliade, which provide support in universal models of initiation. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the initiation plot is both a literary phenomenon and a way of comprehending existential issues such as maturation, intercultural dialogue, historical memory, and continuity. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the short story is interpreted for the first time through the lens of the initiation plot, which makes it possible to identify a complex of motifs (bata, mentorship, rituals of hospitality, ethnographic markers), to compare them with the tradition of “zheti ata” and to reveal their role in representing cultural adaptation. The analysis shows that the hero’s personal experiences correlate with collective models of memory, and that the initiation plot transcends the framework of individual maturation and becomes a metaphor for intercultural dialogue and inclusion into a new sociocultural reality. The results of the study clarify the specifics of G. Belger’s artistic world, reveal the connection of his prose with ethnographic and cultural codes of the Kazakh tradition, and confirm the significance of the initiation plot as a means of artistic interpretation of the experience of deportation and cultural integration. The practical value of the research lies in the possibility of applying its findings in courses on contemporary Kazakh literature, intercultural communication, and cultural memory studies.

Phono-morpho-semantic Changes in the Inclination of Faces in the Language of the Monument «Diwani Hikmet»

ZH.T. Kopbayeva — 2025-09-30

This article presents a comprehensive phono-morpho-semantic analysis of mood forms in the language of the «Diwani Hikmet» monument, which belongs to the legacy of the prominent 11th-century Sufi poet Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. The paper explores the specific features of the mood category in Turkic written monuments and its historical development, while also tracing the continuity between ancient and modern forms of mood in the Kazakh language.
In Old Turkic texts, the mood category is regarded as an essential means of expressing the possibility of an action and the speaker's attitude toward it. Based on concrete linguistic material from the hikmets, the usage and transformation of imperative, optative, and conditional moods are analyzed, alongside a typological comparison with modern Kazakh. The main objective of the article is to reveal the developmental process of mood forms in the grammatical system of «Diwani Hikmet» and to determine their place and evolution in the Old Turkic language. The research findings demonstrate that mood forms in the language of «Diwani Hikmet» are not only grammatical in nature but also convey semantic meanings linked to Sufi thought. This study contributes to the fields of historical grammar, Old Turkic manuscript studies, and the understanding of the development stages of the Kazakh language.

“Chelovek bez imeni” (“The Man Without a Name”): Geopoetics and Identity Crisis in Nikolay Verevochkin's Novella

R.A. Matkerimova — 2025-09-30

The article examines N. Verevochkin’s novella “The Man Without a Name” in the context of geopoetics and identity crisis. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of the “nameless man” as one of the key themes in the author’s work. The interrelation between the spatiotemporal continuum and the protagonist’s self-identification is explored, where geographical space-city, desert, and underground environments – not only serves as the setting but also plays a crucial role in shaping the character’s inner world.
The absence or conditionality of names in Verevochkin’s characters symbolizes their alienation from the socio-cultural environment and the loss of their own “self”. The article examines aspects such as the influence of space on the protagonist’s consciousness, the evolution of his inner world, and the emergence of loneliness and estrangement. The study analyzes how the author, using geopoetic techniques, conveys the identity crisis characteristic of the post-Soviet space.
The research is based on literary analysis methods, particularly the geopoetic approach, which helps to reveal the connection between spatial imagery and the protagonist’s identity. Verevochkin’s spatial representations intensify the character’s internal crisis, emphasizing his isolation from the surrounding world. As a result of the study, the motif of the “nameless man” is interpreted as a reflection of the identity crisis in early 21st-century Kazakh prose, making the novella relevant in the context of contemporary literary tradition.

The Nature of Time-Related Idioms as A Reflection of Cultural Code (Based on The Material of Kazakh, Russian and English Languages)

A.Zh. Mulkamanova — 2025-09-30

The article deals with phraseological units related to the concept of time in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. Non-linguistic factors that are taken into account when creating stable expressions related to the concept of time are background knowledge and cultural associations. Semantic analysis of phraseological units related to the concept of time allows conducting a comparative study of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages. During the study, stable expressions related to the concept of time were divided into integral terms and differential terms. The subject of the article is time-related phraseological units from the trilogy “Nomads” by I. Esenberlin. During the analysis of the work of art, a number of stable, synonymous word combinations in Kazakh, Russian and English languages within the framework of the overall theme are established. On the basis of differential semantics, the peculiarities of the background knowledge of each language are determined. Cultural and linguistic features of each ethnic group are analyzed by classifying stable expressions into semantic and semantic groups. The methodology of the research article consists of the comparative method to identify the similarities and differences of Kazakh, Russian and English idioms; a lexicographical method to analyze the definition of idioms; a semantic method in analyzing time-related idioms, and an ethnolinguistic method to determine the origin of phraseological units. The value of the conducted research lies in the analysis of phraseological units within the framework of the concept of “cultural code”. Phraseologisms related to time in the national picture of the world are defined as background knowledge, as “cultural code”. The practical significance of the study is determined by the following functions of phraseological units related to time in the artistic work: 1) expression of national knowledge; 2) cultural association; 3) semantic row.

SPEECH – A PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND INTELLECTUAL PHENOMENON

B. MYRZABAYEVA — 2025-09-30

This article analyzes psychophysiological and intellectual speech aspects emphasizing its complex nature, and also a key role in a human being. Speech is presented not only as means of information transmission, but also, as a dynamic phenomenon deeply rooted in different processes as cognitive, emotional, and social. The authors research how speech functions as a link between individual mechanisms and social context, showing the important role in communication and personal identity. Special attention is given to the neurophysiological basis, including the brain structures and the other processes which are responsible for language perception and speech articulation. Based on current research in such disciplines as neuroscience, psychology, and linguistics, the authors indicate that speech brain activity reflects a wide range of higher cognitive abilities like reasoning, decision-making, and emotional regulation. In addition, the role of speech in intellectual development is tested: how it contributes to learning, abstract concepts formation and critical thinking ability. The relationship between language and thinking is analyzed from psychological and philosophical points of view, and the thesis is put forward that language not only expresses ideas, but also shapes the perception of reality. The social and cultural aspects of speech are also being researched, including its importance for self-expression, interpersonal communication, and the transmission of collective knowledge, and cultural values. The article offers new scientific approaches for understanding the speech nature, and emphasizes its integrative role, uniting biological, mental, and social aspects of human existence, as well as its importance as a driving force in the civilization development.

The Role of a Healthy Lifestyle and Physical Culture in the Career Orientation of High School Graduates

B. Yermakhanov — 2025-09-30

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the personal, social, professional, and psychological factors influencing high school graduates’ choice of the “Physical Culture and Sports” specialty, highlighting their interrelation and significance. Unlike previous studies that focused mainly on individual aspects, this research offers an integrated approach to examining all key influencing factors. Special attention is given to the role of a healthy lifestyle as a core value affecting the career orientation of young people. It is demonstrated that the pursuit of a healthy lifestyle and interest in physical activity play a decisive role in students' career choices. The article emphasizes the need to develop targeted programs and organize activities at the school level to increase interest in the “Physical Culture and Sports” specialty. These proposals aim to introduce new methods for enhancing professional motivation by promoting physical culture and healthy living. Furthermore, the study provides a detailed analysis of the current state of the physical culture and sports sector in Kazakhstan, as well as the main challenges and issues faced by students when choosing this field. Overall, this research can serve as a foundation for improving professional guidance systems and developing strategies to strengthen youth engagement in healthy lifestyles and sports-related careers.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING ARTISTIC FOLKLORE PROSE

S. DARIBAEV — 2025-09-30

The article discusses effective ways of teaching the valuable heritage of the people through digital technologies in the context of modern digitalization of education. Currently, one of the main tasks of the education system is to introduce innovative technologies into the educational process and expand its scope of application in order to prepare competitive specialists at a high level. That is why the study analyzes the methods of modern teaching and systematizes innovative methods using digital technologies. Research papers related to the advantages and disadvantages of using digital technologies in the educational process, as well as various scientific and practical sources related to the use of digital tools, are analyzed and collected. Furthemore, the differences between innovative teaching methods and traditional teaching methods are analyzed. The types of neural networks that help increase the interest and active participation of students in the lesson, as well as the effectiveness of their use, are considered. These innovative resources enhance the desire to master the national heritage and promote increased learning activity.
The research material was based on data obtained from the World Research Base and the works of domestic and foreign researchers. As a result of the research, the possibilities of digital technologies in teaching Kazakh folklore have been identified, and it has been concluded that the methodological aspect of teaching Kazakh folklore through digital technologies has not been considered and requires further study. This research is relevant for creating new research in teaching folklore through digital technology.

Developing Future Teachers' Digital Literacy: Results of the Conducted Empirical Research

А.О. Aldabergenova — 2025-09-30

In today’s digital society, digital literacy has become a key component of the education system. The relevance of this research lies in the need to improve future educators’ readiness for effective work in digital environments. The main objective of the study is to define the theoretical foundations of digital literacy and empirically assess the preparedness of students in pedagogical specialties in this field. The research tasks include analyzing the structural elements of digital literacy, evaluating students’ readiness, and developing recommendations for improving educational programs. The theoretical analysis revealed that digital literacy encompasses not only the use of technology, but also skills in critical information analysis, adherence to cybersecurity principles, and the ethical use of artificial intelligence tools. The empirical part is based on a survey conducted among first-year students of pedagogical programs at Zhetysu University named after I. Zhansugurov. The findings indicate that while students generally possess a sufficient basic level of digital skills, additional support is needed in areas such as fact-checking, cybersecurity, and working with cloud technologies. The results emphasize the importance of systematically integrating digital components into educational programs, thus enhancing future teachers’ ability to work effectively in digital environments.

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN DEVELOPING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE (ICC) AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Z. DUISEMBEKOVA — 2025-09-30

In the modern era of global interconnectedness, social media platforms have a profound impact on how university students engage with cultural diversity and develop their intercultural communicative abilities. This research examines how students' understanding, perspectives, and skills – crucial for effective intercultural communication – are shaped by their daily interactions on social media platforms. Drawing on Byram's (1997) framework for intercultural communicative competence, the study explores how students perceive and interpret intercultural encounters on digital platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, Reddit, and language exchange apps.
Twenty-four students, enrolled in international and multilingual programs in one local university in South Kazakhstan, participated in a semi-structured interview and maintained a reflective digital journal for six weeks, employing a high-quality research methodology. Through thematic analysis, four key themes emerged: (1) the impact of cultural perspectives outside the classroom, (2) the negotiation of identity and empathy in intercultural conversations, (3) the cultivation of critical cultural awareness through online discourse, and (4) obstacles such as stereotyping and miscommunication. The research suggests that social media fosters spontaneous and meaningful cross-cultural interactions, which contribute to the development of intercultural competence, particularly in terms of openness, curiosity, and critical thinking. Even seemingly, harmless actions, according to students commenting on posts, participating in online discussions, or joining virtual communities, offer a wealth of opportunities to learn about cultural norms, beliefs, and communication experiences.
Research shows the benefits of incorporating digital multiculturalism into the education experience of learning a formal language. Promoting and developing global citizenship through international education, the study suggests that language teachers and educational institutions need to encourage students to think critically about social media and digital platforms.

Education and Artificial Intelligence

A.N. Kushekkaliev — 2025-09-30

This article provides a detailed examination of both the benefits and potential risks of implementing artificial intelligence technologies in higher education institutions. It also discusses the possibilities of using neural networks in the educational process, their impact on the quality of education, the availability of educational resources, and the individualization of students' educational trajectories. Particular attention is paid to the role of artificial intelligence in automating routine tasks, assessing knowledge, and creating adaptive curricula. The article also considers the ethical and legal issues associated with the use of artificial intelligence in the educational environment. It emphasizes the need to develop clear rules and standards that will ensure the fair and safe use of neural network technologies. In addition, aspects of academic honesty and possible risks of unfair use of artificial intelligence in educational and scientific activities are analyzed. An important part of the study is the results of a sociological survey “Students and Artificial Intelligence: A Look into the Future” conducted among students of Makhambet Utemisov West Kazakhstan University. The survey data show that generative artificial intelligence is widely used by students to solve educational problems, write scientific papers, and implement creative projects. Based on the data obtained, a conclusion was made about the need to continue scientific discussion of the issues of integrating artificial intelligence into the educational sphere, as well as developing methodological recommendations for its effective use in the educational process. Particular attention is paid to teaching students and teachers the principles of responsible interaction with artificial intelligence, developing critical thinking and analyzing information obtained with its help.

GUMAR KARASH'S EDUCATIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN REFORMING THE TEACHING PROCESS DURING THE JADIDISM ERA

B. ATASH — 2025-09-30

This article provides an overview of educational and religious education issues in Kazakhstan during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It critically examines historical processes, aiming for a multifaceted approach that avoids unilateral evaluations. The article highlights the diverse and parallel development of literacy during this period. Special attention is given to the emergence of the Jadidist educational process, analyzed through the lens of Gumar Karash's activities. The evolution of his religious views is divided into five conditional stages. Additionally, various interpretations of the concept of “Jadidism” are analyzed, with the author's own explanation provided.
As a result of the research, the study identifies the key distinctions and main features of Jadidism in Kazakhstan compared to traditional Islam (Qadimism): its foundation on integrating Islam with the national idea; its aim to promote the pan-Turkic idea in some aspects; its goal of synthesizing Islam with global civilization; its departure from religious scholasticism; its focus on softening strict religious practices, principles, and traditions; and its attention to condemning hypocrisy (Munafik).

Methods of Teaching the Culture of Intercultural Speech Using Artificial Intelligence

S. Nurgali — 2025-09-30

This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on the change (transformation) of speech culture in intercultural communication from a linguistic point of view. Language models and virtual assistants, which are widely used in the digital space, play a significant role in shaping modern speech norms. Communication actions carried out through AI systems – automatic translations, chatbots, and voice assistants - change linguistic uniqueness, politeness strategies, and communication norms in intercultural dialogue. These changes sometimes lead to the formation of stereotypes, and sometimes to the emergence of new, universal speech patterns. The impact of artificial intelligence systems on speech culture and intercultural communication is profound and complex. AI systems not only process linguistic information, but also shape or distort cultural contexts. Therefore, in the future, with the development of artificial intelligence, it is very important to increase cultural adaptability, attach importance to linguistic etiquette and maintain linguistic and cultural diversity. This research work is aimed at a linguistic analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence on the transformation of speech culture in intercultural communication. Qualitative and comparative methods were used for this purpose. The article analyzes the influence of AI language systems on cultural and linguistic codes, the change and transformation of speech ethics in the context of globalization based on specific examples and scientific data.

Approaches to Preparing Students for the Use of Integrative Fairy Tale Therapy

A.I. Akhmetova — 2025-09-30

The purpose of the study is to reveal the methodological basis of the use of integrative fairytale therapy (IFT) in the development of students and the essence of the process of psychological and pedagogical preparation of students for the use of IFT. The relevance of the research is due to the interdisciplinary approach, which integrates psychological, philological and art history methods into the content of integrative fairytale therapy (IFT). In the framework of the study, Abai Kunanbayev's concept of «Complete Human Being» is considered as an ideological direction for building IFT technology on a philosophical and axiological basis. The study theoretically substantiates the need for effective use of national cultural codes, archetypes and symbols in the process of formation and development of a student's personality. The study comprehensively examines the psychological, philological and art-historical aspects of the IFT system, describes the possibilities of the fairy-tale genre for the upbringing and psychological support of personality. In addition, the need to study approaches to preparing students for the use of IFT adapted to the digital educational space is emphasized. The article reveals the purpose, content and professional and pedagogical significance of each approach. At the same time, the process of psychological and pedagogical preparation of students for the use of IFT is characterized, and the essential characteristic of students' readiness for the use of IFT is formulated.

Conflict Management Strategies in Schools According to The School Administrators’ Perspective

A.М. Mukazhanova — 2025-09-30

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively identify and analyze the conflict management strategies employed by school administrators in Ust-Kamenogorsk (Kazakhstan) when addressing conflicts with teachers in their schools. The study is aimed at understanding what behavior models and approaches school principals choose when tension or disagreements with teachers arise, as well as identifying preferred behavior and interaction strategies in conflict conditions within the educational environment. The quantitative research method was used in the research. To collect data, the participants (school principals) were offered the “Personal Information Form” and the “ROCI II – Organizational Conflict Inventory” questionnaire developed by A. Rahim.
The personal information form included information on the participants’ gender (male/female), school type (Kazakh-language school/ Russian-language school/ mixed-language school), and their work experience (1-5 years/ 6-10 years/ 11-16 years/ 17–20 years/ 21 years and above). The ROCI II questionnaire consists of 28 statements and covers five main conflict resolution strategies: cooperation, compromise, competition, accommodation, and avoidance. Responses were assessed on a Likert scale (from “very rarely” to “always”). The study involved 99 principals from 30 schools in Ust-Kamenogorsk. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program, which is widely used to analyze data in the field of education.
The results showed that the most frequently used strategy is “cooperation”, characterized by a desire for integration and joint problem solving. However, in some cases, school leaders also resort to the “avoidance” strategy. These findings indicate that school leaders prefer constructive approaches to conflicts, but in some situations tend to distance themselves from the conflict to avoid its escalation.

Formation of Research Activity of Future Mathematics Teachers through Problem-Solving

A.O. Karatayev — 2025-09-30

One of the main tasks of the modern education system is to train teachers who are creative, capable of critical thinking, and equipped with research skills. In this context, the issue of forming research activity becomes especially relevant. This article identifies teaching methods and tools necessary for developing the research activity of future mathematics teachers and proposes a methodology for solving research-based problems in the process of teaching differential and integral calculus, illustrated with specific examples. The aim of the study is to determine the methodological foundations for forming the research activity of future mathematics teachers through problem-solving. The objectives of the study are to explore methodological aspects of developing research activity among future mathematics teachers in pedagogical universities and to develop content-based and methodological recommendations for the use of research problems in teaching differential and integral calculus. The effectiveness of the methodological recommendations proposed in the study was experimentally confirmed during the training of future mathematics teachers at the South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University named after U. Zhanibekov and the South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov. The scientific significance of the study lies in its contribution to the development of research activity among future mathematics teachers in the process of learning mathematical disciplines at the university level, as well as in enhancing their methodological readiness for future professional activities.

Search-Research Approach as Professional Training of a Future Foreign Language Teacher

U.R. Adilzhanova — 2025-09-30

This article outlines the theoretical prerequisites and practical significance of the use of search and research activities in the educational process as ensuring the professional training of future Foreign Language teachers. Determines the difference between search and research activities from other types of research and clarifies the place in a new direction in the developing educational process, determines the special place that students occupy in the manifestation of professionalism and the importance of the formation of search and research competence as a future specialist. In high-quality training of future Foreign Language teachers, based on the preparation for research work. Search-research work is provided in a phased organization of the process, and the implementation of the results of search-research work in professional activities, the ability to use the results of research in professional area, moreover it determines what abilities students can develop while performing search-research work. Thus, there is given a description of the work performed by the group and in pairs. It also defines the role and functions of a teacher in higher education in assignment of the tasks aimed at search-research work. Reflecting the contribution of research competence to the development of professional skills of schoolteachers on the basis of all the work done, it establishes its place in the field of developing education under the influence of innovative technologies of new trends.

Barriers to Access Education Among Children with Special Needs in Kazakhstan

K.R. Mukhitova — 2025-09-30

This study aims to identify barriers to education for children with special educational needs in Kazakhstan. The research is based on the analysis of international and national regulatory documents and legislation on inclusive education, as well as published scientific articles related to this field. The study materials include 12 parental appeals from various regions of Kazakhstan, provided by the legal service “Rights of a Special Child” and selected using purposive sampling. Through thematic analysis based on an inductive approach, barriers were classified into four categories along with their causes: administrative, social, legal, and pedagogical. To minimize these barriers, the authors propose revising inclusive education policies at the legislative level, strengthening the interaction between the Psychological-Medical-Pedagogical Consultation (PMPC) and parents, advancing practical hands-on training for teachers in inclusive education, and developing educational programs for students and school administrations to eliminate bias, stigmatization, and discrimination against children with special educational needs.

The Possibilities of Reggio Pedagogy: Project Work to Support the Individual Development of Each Child in an Inclusive Environment

D.A. Erdembekova — 2025-09-30

The purpose of this article is to explore the possibilities of Reggio pedagogy and identify ways to implement it through project work aimed at supporting the individual development of each child in an inclusive environment. The article aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Reggio methodology adapted to the needs of inclusive education, as well as to unlock the potential of children with different abilities and needs. The main form of the article is to support the personal development of children in an inclusive educational environment. In these environments, the role of the Reggio methodology is explored, aimed at developing creative and cognitive abilities, taking into account the special needs of each child. There are also some special features. This is an approach aimed primarily at children. In Reggio's pedagogy, the Child is the main character of the educational process. The interests and ideas of children are the basis of project work, which allows them to develop their creative and cognitive abilities. The role of the environment: according to Reggio's methodology, the educational environment is the “third teacher”. The surrounding space is specially organized to encourage children's abilities for research, creativity and communication. In an inclusive environment, this approach helps to take into account the specifics of each child. In the process of writing an article, the project method allows children to explore their ideas and work in a team or individually. This method develops children's social skills in an inclusive environment, improving their interaction with each other. Partnership between parents and educators is an integral part of the process of supporting child development. This attitude is of particular importance in inclusive education.

Features of Training Future Physics Teachers in Modern Virtual Laboratories Creation Methods

А.Т. Каrimova — 2025-09-30

A teacher of physics can help school learners to look at natural phenomena from an analytical point and awake students' interest in the physics subject with a laboratory work. This article reviews the laboratory work conducted using virtual tools and discusses the features of the methodology for usage of create virtual tools in situations where they are necessary. There was a discussion about during state of laboratories in the current school classrooms. It has been detected that material laboratory complexes are not enough to cover all subjects of natural sciences and that the learner and teacher can conduct laboratory work remotely through virtual laboratories. In this case, a review of the technologies of using ready-made virtual laboratories, making them different if they do not meet the requirements. There was discuss a technology of virtual laboratory that can show nature of dynamic phenomena created according a manual that named as “computer methods of physics”. By this technology created a virtual laboratory environment named "PVL Kush momenti" that describes the interaction of forces; discussed the advantages and disadvantages of this environment and compared on the other alternative environments. Furthermore, had been determine the tendencies of creating laboratories for other school subjects, and the requirements for a virtual laboratory to determine the usage of common algorithm. Additionally, wrote about psychological techniques that can used to refute the scepticism about the difficulty of creating a virtual environment.
To sum up, the authors gave an opinion that virtual laboratory is a tool that helps to understand and predict natural phenomena, and confident that there is not difficult to use them. They are believe that virtual laboratories make a great contribution to the successful implementation of educational programs and they offer the technology to create virtual worlds.

THE FORMATION OF THE MODERN TEACHER’S LINGUISTIC PERSONALITY AS A FACTOR FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION

A.K. TAZABEK — 2025-09-30

The purpose of this article is to investigate the peculiarities of developing communicative competence, specifically the culture of dialogical speech, among future teachers and to propose practical, methodological approaches to its formation. The article highlights the relevance of training competitive, patriotic, and highly professional teachers in the higher education system who can make decisions in the context of changing globalization. Special attention is paid to the role of teacher-student communication, speech culture, and professional and linguistic competence as the most critical components of pedagogical culture. The study uses both theoretical analysis and experimental research, combining literature review, questionnaires, and classroom research. The results of experimental work conducted at two universities in Kazakhstan demonstrate that targeted instruction in the subject «Teacher's Speech Culture» significantly enhances students' skills in expressive reading, dialogic communication, and public speaking. The study concludes with practical recommendations supported by tables, figures, and survey results that emphasize the relevance of integrating speech culture as a separate discipline into teacher education programs.

The Development of Monologue Speech Techniques for Schoolchildren

B.S. Beisenbayeva — 2025-09-30

This article raises the problem of developing the culture of monologue speech of schoolchildren. The purpose of the article is to present the evaluation criteria related to checking the effectiveness of the monologue speech technique of schoolchildren. Theoretical, empirical and statistical research methods were used in writing the article. Various approaches to the methodology of monologue speech are comprehensively analyzed. Seven criteria were proposed for evaluating monologue speech skills, five basic and two additional ones. The scores were adjusted according to a scale compiled for each criterion. The proposed evaluation criteria were used in a methodological experiment conducted at secondary school “Zhalin” Shymkent city. The experiment in question is aimed at verifying the effectiveness of the developed methodology for teaching monologue to school-age students. Three experimental groups of 9th grade students were formed in the methodological experiment, a total of 34 students took part. The conducted experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Assessment of The Cybersecurity Knowledge Level of Future Primary Education Teachers

А.А. Amzeyeva — 2025-09-30

Information security is one of the pressing issues of modern society. While new information exchange technologies are fast and efficient, problems related to data confidentiality and security are increasing. These threats play a particularly significant role in the field of education. This study aimed to assess the level of cybersecurity knowledge among future primary education teachers at Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University. The primary goal of the research was to determine students' knowledge level in cybersecurity and the factors influencing it. These factors include gender, year of study, participation in specialized courses, and the devices used during classes. A quantitative research method was employed in the study. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics 29, a powerful tool for processing data, performing statistical analysis, and visualizing results. The analysis used statistical methods, including the Mann-Whitney U test, to evaluate differences between two independent groups. Kruskal-Wallis test: to identify differences among several independent groups. Correlation analysis: to identify relationships between variables. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient: to assess the reliability of the research questionnaire. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in cybersecurity knowledge levels based on gender (p=0.817). Senior students (3rd and 4th year) demonstrated significantly higher knowledge levels than junior students (1st and 2nd year) (p=0.037). While students who participated in specialized courses had higher knowledge levels compared to those who did not, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.097). Students using mobile phones during classes did not differ significantly in knowledge levels from those using laptops, tablets, or desktop computers (p=0.456). The findings emphasize the importance of cybersecurity education, particularly for senior students. Furthermore, the widespread use of mobile devices highlights the need to improve teaching methods related to cybersecurity. This study provides a foundation for future research aimed at enhancing knowledge in this area.

Integration of Digital Technologies in Geography Education: Developing Students’ Analytical and Spatial Thinking Skills

S.Т. Zhorabay — 2025-09-30

This study addresses the pressing need to enhance students’ subject-related abilities through the strategic integration of digital technologies in contemporary education. The purpose of the research is to explore effective approaches for improving students’ knowledge, skills, and competencies within the context of geography instruction using digital tools. The research methodology was based on theoretical analysis. In addition, domestic and international practices were compared through meta-analysis. The effectiveness of digital technologies was evaluated. Survey methods were used to collect data, and the results were analyzed using mathematical and statistical methods. It was found that the use of digital technologies has a positive impact on the educational process. The Z-value was 7.731, with a p-value of < 0.001. If we take the alpha value as 0.050, the null hypothesis is rejected. When calculating the t-statistic, the value was t = 3.3130, with degrees of freedom df = 103. The p-value was 0.001, which is less than 0.05, indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The research results showed that the use of digital technologies in geography lessons contributes to the development of students’ spatial thinking, map-reading, and analytical skills, and highlights the importance of enhancing their digital literacy.

Meaning of The Concept of Professional Competence of a Teacher and Features of its Formation

N.B. Zhangir — 2025-09-30

One of the priorities of modern Kazakhstani teachers is to improve the professional skills of teachers through the use and dissemination of best practices. Therefore, the field of education should be active and mobile, focused on a teacher who is active in his business, clearly understands his professional goals and is optimistic about all new and innovations.
The main point, which we will consider in our article, is also the result of our searches in search of an answer to this question. Today, “competence” is one of the main basic concepts in pedagogical science.
Many researchers emphasize that the concept of competence is much broader than the concepts of knowledge, skills, and abilities. The concept of competence indicates both the orientation of the individual and the fact that it includes overcoming stereotypes, awareness of problems, rationality, flexibility of thinking. Competence differs from skill in that it is created consciously, and, unlike skill, it is very prone to change and improvement, unlike knowledge, it is thought activity in the form of creativity (carried out in real practice or mental work).
Therefore, the modern education system in Kazakhstan should be focused on an active and mobile teacher who takes the initiative in his work, clearly knows his professional goals, is open to everything new and is optimistic about innovations.

Research on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching Future Physics Teachers

Zh.S. Malikova — 2025-09-30

Currently, the rapid development of artificial intelligence affects various spheres of society including education. The introduction of artificial intelligence into the educational process is one of the most fundamental trends of today. The task of effectively using the capabilities of artificial intelligence is becoming more and more urgent. To this end, it is necessary to study the competencies related to artificial intelligence.
This article examines the experiences of both foreign and local researchers in applying artificial intelligence. In addition, the issue of teaching the fundamentals of artificial intelligence in the training of future physics teachers is considered. Based on this, the possibilities, prospects, and risks of using artificial intelligence in teaching and learning processes in higher education institutions were analyzed. A comparative analysis was also conducted regarding the types and effectiveness of artificial intelligence tools used. Teaching methods incorporating artificial intelligence were compared with traditional teaching methods.
In order to determine the level of AI usage by educators and students, a survey was conducted among physics instructors and students at the following universities:Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (Almaty), South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University named after O. Zhanibekov, South Kazakhstan Research University named after M. Auezov (Shymkent), Khoja Ahmed Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University (Turkistan), and Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University (Ust-Kamenogorsk). A total of 39 instructors and 273 students participated in the survey. The results showed that artificial intelligence use increases student motivation and helps instructors save time. To assess the reliability of the research results, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used. At the same time, concerns related to ethical and technical issues of artificial intelligence use were identified, and possible solutions were proposed. It was also found that artificial intelligence is widely used in the development of virtual laboratories in physics. The study highlighted important directions and opportunities for future research.